Electrolysis Practice Exam

What is the condition called when there is a congenital absence of pigment in the skin?

1. Albinism

2. Vitiligo

3. Pigmentation disorder

4. Leukoderma

The correct answer is: Albinism

The condition characterized by a congenital absence of pigment in the skin is known as albinism. This genetic condition arises from a deficiency in melanin production, which is responsible for the color of the skin, hair, and eyes. Individuals with albinism often have lighter skin and hair compared to their peers and can be more susceptible to sunburns and skin cancers due to the lack of protective pigment. In contrast, vitiligo is an acquired skin disorder that involves loss of pigment in patches, rather than a congenital absence. Pigmentation disorder is a broader term that encompasses various conditions affecting skin color but does not specifically indicate a congenital cause. Leukoderma refers to a loss of skin pigment but is not used to specifically denote congenital absence; instead, it can refer to any reduction in skin pigmentation, which may arise from various causes. Therefore, albinism most accurately describes the specific condition of congenital absence of pigment.